181 series inter-city trains became superannuated when it was in the 1970s.
In addition, 181 series developed troubles frequently by the heavy snowfall
in 1973. In response to these reasons, Japanese National Railways (JNR)
decided to develop 183-1000 series and entered "Toki" services
linking Tokyo and Niigata in 1974. Although the styling was based on that
of the original 183-0 series, The 183-1000 series trains also required
heavy protection against snow common in mountainous areas. End cars are
not equipped with the pass-through door in front of the body. The profile
of end cars is same as that of 485-300 series. 183-1000 series are not equipped with ATC (Automatic Train Control device) since 183-1000 series are not used on underground railways. Current collectors or bogies required heavy protection against snow. 183-1000 series differ from the 183-0 series in the location of current collectors. Although current collectors of 183-0 series are fitted to moha183 equipped with the traction controller, those of 183-1000 series are fitted to moha182. The seating of first class cars is arranged 2+2 abreast with reclining seats and that of standard class cars is arranged 2+2 abreast with simple two-position "slide-and-recline" seats.
After Joetsu Shinkansen opened in 1982, surplus 183-1000 series were applied
to inter-city services in Boso district. Since inter-city services in Boso
district were used on underground railways, ATC device is required. So
end cars equipped with ATC device appeared and were classified into -1500
sub-type. The introduction of 255 series, E351 series and E257 series trains reduced the number of 183 series trains.
Now 183-1000 series are used on extra inter-city oe rapid services. |
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